Thermal radiation is the transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves from a hot object to a cooler one. It is a crucial aspect of heat transfer and is governed by the laws of thermodynamics. Thermal radiation is an important factor in various engineering applications, such as in the design of heating systems, cooking appliances, and solar energy harvesting devices. Researchers in this area study the properties of thermal radiation, such as its intensity, wavelength, and emitted power, to better understand and optimize heat transfer processes. They also investigate the impact of thermal radiation on materials and surfaces, as well as methods to control and manipulate thermal radiation for various applications. Overall, the study of thermal radiation plays a vital role in advancing our understanding of heat transfer and improving the efficiency of thermal systems.